A preliminary study of the effectiveness of a program to promote sexual health among adolescents with divorced parents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v17i1.273Keywords:
Prevention, intervention, sexual health, adolescents, divorceAbstract
Competencies for adolescents with a healthy sexuality (COMPAS, for its acronym in Spanish) is a sex education curriculum that has proven effective in promoting healthy adolescent sexuality in general population; however its effects on groups with high-sexual risk, such as adolescents with divorced parents, are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of COMPAS in a sample of Spanish adolescents with divorced parents. This pretest-postest study involved 76 adolescents aged 14-18 years (M = 15.81, SD = 0.69), from 15 high schools located at five provinces of Spain. Of them, 53 received the intervention and 23 were part of a wait-list control group. In the postest, adolescents who received the intervention had a higher level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS (p = 0.0001, r =0.46) and showed more favorable attitudes toward HIV-related aspects (p = 0.03, r = 0.23), compared to the control group. Taking into account the small sample of the present study, it is concluded that COMPAS program has positive effects on variables related to a healthy sexuality in adolescents whose parents are divorced. Future studies should explore the long-term effects of the program in this population.Downloads
References
Adebola, O. G., & Adebola, F. B. (2015). Family characteristics: Indices of adolescents’ sexual behaviour. International Journal of Science and Technology Education Research, 6(2), 9-18. doi 10.5897/IJSTER2014.0277
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Bandura, A. (1990). Perceived self-efficacy in the exercise of control over AIDS infection. Evaluation and Program Planning, 13(1), 9-17.
Bandura, A. (1994). Social cognitive theory and exercise of control over HIV infection. In R. J. DiClemente and J.L. Peterson (Eds.), Preventing AIDS: Theories and Methods of Behavioral Interventions (pp. 25-59).
Carlsund, A., Eriksson, U., Lofstedt, P., & Sellstrom, E. (2013). Risk behaviour in Swedish adolescents: Is shared physical custody after divorce a risk or a protective factor? European Journal of Public Health, 23(1), 3-8. doi:10.1093/eurpub/cks011
Carratalá, E., Espada, J. P., & Orgilés, M. (2013). Knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS: Differences between Spanish adolescents with married or divorced parents. Salud Mental, 36(5), 387-391.
Cavanagh, S. E., Crissey, S. R., & Raley, R. K. (2008). Family structure history and adolescent romance. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70(3), 698-714. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2008.00515.x
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Compendium of evidence-based HIV behavioral interventions. Recuperado en: http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/prevention/research/compendium/rr/beproud.html
Cleveland, H., & Gilson, M. (2004). The increased importance of mother-child relationships on sexual behaviors of adolescents in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33, 319-329.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New York, NY: Routledge.
Donahue, K. L., D'Onofrio, B. M., Bates, J. E., Lansford, J. E., Dodge, K. A., & Pettit, G. S. (2010). Early exposure to parents' relationship instability: Implications for sexual behavior and depression in adolescence. Journal of Adolescent Health, 47(6), 547-554. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.04.004
Ellis, B. J., Bates, J. E., Dodge, K. A., Fergusson, D. M., John Horwood, L., Pettit, G. S., & Woodward, L. (2003). Does father absence place daughters at special risk for early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy? Child Development, 74(3), 801-821.
Escribano, S., Espada, J., Morales, A., & Orgilés, M. (2015). Mediation analysis of an effective sexual health promotion intervention for Spanish adolescents. AIDS and Behavior, 19(10), 1850-1859. doi: 10.1007/s10461-015-1163-2.
Espada, J. P., Huedo Medina, T B, Orgilés, M., Secades-Villa, R., Ballester, R., & Remor, E. (2009). Psychometric properties of the HIV/AIDS knowledge scale for Spanish adolescents (HIV-KS). Salud y Drogas/ Health and Addictions, 9(2), 149-164.
Espada, J. P., Escribano, S., Morales, A., & Orgilés, M. Two-years follow-up of a sexual-health promotion program for Spanish adolescents. En proceso de revisión.
Espada, J. P., Morales, A., Orgilés, M., Jemmott, J. B., & Jemmott, L. S. (2015). Short-term evaluation of a skills-development sexual education program for Spanish adolescents compared with a well-established program. Journal of Adolescent Health, 56, 30-37.
doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.08.018
Espada, J. P., Morales, A., Orgilés, M., Piqueras, J. A., & Carballo, J. L. (2012). A review of school HIV/AIDS prevention programs in Spain. International Journal of Hispanic Psychology, 5(2), 103-116.
Espada, J. P., Orgilés, M., Morales, A., Ballester, R., & Huedo-Medina, T. B. (2012). Effectiveness of a school HIV/AIDS prevention program for Spanish adolescents. AIDS Education and Prevention, 24(6), 500-513. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2012.24.6.500
Espada, J. P., Ballester, R., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Secades, R., Orgilés, M., & Martínez-Lorca, M. (2013). Development of a new instrument to assess AIDS-related attitudes among Spanish youngsters. Anales de Psicología, 29(1), 83-89.
Espada, J. P., Morales, A., Guillén-Riquelme, A., Ballester, R., & Orgilés, M. (2016). Predicting condom use in adolescents: A test of three socio-cognitive models using a structural equation modeling approach. BMC Public Health, 16, 1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-2702-0
Fariña, F., Novo, M., Arce, R., & Seijo, D. (2002). Programa de intervención “Ruptura de pareja, no de familia” con familias inmersas en procesos de separación. Psicopatología Clínica, Legal y Forense, 2(3), 67-85.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2011). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. Londres: Taylor & Francis.
Fisher, J. D., & Fisher, W. A. (1992). Changing AIDS-risk behavior. Psychological Bulletin, 111(3), 455-474.
Fisher, J. D., Fisher, W. A., Bryan, A. D., & Misovich, S. J. (2002). Information-motivation-behavioral skills model-based HIV risk behavior change intervention for inner-city high school youth. Health Psychology, 21(2), 177-186.
Fisher, J. D., Fisher, W. A., Misovich, S. J., Kimble, D. L., & Malloy, T. E. (1996). Changing AIDS risk behavior: Effects of an intervention emphasizing AIDS risk reduction information, motivation, and behavioral skills in a college student population. Health Psychology, 15(2), 114-123.
Fisher, J. D., Fisher, W. A., & Shuper, P. A. (2009). The information–motivation–behavioral skills model of HIV preventive behavior. Emerging Theories in Health Promotion Practice and Research, 21-63.
Fisher, J. D., Fisher, W. A., Williams, S. S., & Malloy, T. E. (1994). Empirical tests of an information-motivation-behavioral skills model of AIDS-preventive behavior with gay men and heterosexual university students. Health Psychology, 13(3), 238-250.
Hogan, D. P., Sun, R., & Cornwell, G. T. (2000). Sexual and fertility behaviors of American females aged 15-19 years: 1985, 1990, and 1995. American Journal of Public Health, 90(9), 1421-1425.
Holmes, T. H., & Rahe, R. H. (1967). The social readjustment rating scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11(2), 213-218.
Instituto Nacional de Estadística (2015). Estadística de nulidades, separaciones y divorcios. Año 2014. Recuperado en: http://www.ine.es/prensa/np927.pdf
Juárez, O., & Díez, E. (1999). Prevención del sida en adolescentes escolarizados: Una revisión sistemática de la efectividad de las intervenciones. Gaceta Sanitaria, 13(2), 150-162.
Ku, L., Sonenstein, F. L., Lindberg, L. D., Bradner, C. H., Boggess, S., & Pleck, J. H. (1998). Understanding changes in sexual activity among young metropolitan men: 1979-1995. Family Planning Perspectives, 30(1), 256-262. doi: 10.1363/3025698
Lansford, J. E. (2009). Parental divorce and children's adjustment. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(2), 140-152.
doi:10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01114.x
Mittal, M., Senn, T. E., & Carey, M. P. (2012). Intimate partner violence and condom use among women: Does the Information–Motivation–Behavioral skills model explain sexual risk behavior? AIDS and Behavior, 16(4), 1011-1019. doi: 10.1007/s10461-011-9949-3
Morales, A., Espada, J. P., Orgilés, M., Secades-Villa, R., & Remor, E. (2014). The short-term impact of peers as co-facilitators of an HIV prevention programme for adolescents: A cluster randomised controlled trial. European Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care, 9(5), 379-391. doi:10.3109/13625187.2014.919445
Morales, A., Espada, J. P., & Orgiles, M. (2015). A 1-year follow-up evaluation of a sexual-health education program for Spanish adolescents compared with a well-established program. European Journal of Public Health. Publicación anticipada en línea. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckv074
Orgilés, M., Espada, J. P., Johnson, B. T., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Carratalá, E. (2012). Sexual behavior in Spanish adolescents of divorced parents. Psicothema, 24(2), 211-216.
Orgilés, M., Carratalá, E., Carballo, J. L., Piqueras, J. A., & Espada, J. P. (2013). Factors associated with sex under the influence of alcohol among adolescents with divorced parents. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 22(2), 150-162. doi: 10.1080/1067828X.2012.730367
Orgilés, M., Carratalá, E., & Espada, J. P. (2015). Perceived quality of the parental relationship and divorce effects on sexual behaviour in Spanish adolescents. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 20(1), 8-17. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2014.911922
Pilgrim, N. A., Ahmed, S., Gray, R. H., Sekasanvu, J., Lutalo, T., Nalugoda, F., . . . Wawer, M. J. (2014). Family structure effects on early sexual debut among adolescent girls in Rakai, Uganda. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 9(3), 193-205. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2013.842027
Wei, W., & Yu, X. (2013). Adverse childhood experience as a risk factor for adolescent pregnancy in China. International Journal of Child and Adolescent Health, 6, 323-329.
Yan, H., Li, L., Bi, Y., Xu, X., Li, S., & Maddock, J. E. (2010). Family and peer influences on sexual behavior among female college students in Wuhan, China. Women & Health, 50(8), 767-782.
Ybarra, M. L., Korchmaros, J., Kiwanuka, J., Bangsberg, D. R., & Bull, S. (2013). Examining the applicability of the IMB model in predicting condom use among sexually active secondary school students in Mbarara, Uganda. AIDS and Behavior, 17(3), 1116-1128. doi: 10.1007/s10461-012-0137-x
Zimmerman, R. S., Cupp, P. K., Donohew, L., Kristin Sionéan, C., Feistâ€Price, S., & Helme, D. (2008). Effects of a Schoolâ€Based, Theoryâ€Driven HIV and pregnancy prevention curriculum. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 40(1), 42-51. doi: 10.1363/4004208
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors publishing in this journal agree to the journal's statement of ethical principles and to the following terms:
The rights of the published material shall belong to their respective authors. Articles published in HAAJ may be used under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license, and may be read, copied, distributed, printed, searched, or linked to in the full text of this journal without prior permission from the publisher or author, provided that HAAJ and the authors are acknowledged and not used for commercial purposes.
Authors may include the work in institutional repositories or other publications as long as this journal is acknowledged and properly cited.
The HAAJ editorial team encourages authors to disseminate their published work through any means (conferences, classes, lectures, talks, etc.) and/or platforms (social networks, repositories, websites, etc.).
HAAJ follows the Core Practices of COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics).
How to Cite
