Loneliness and Phubbing in peruvian university students: The mediating role of the Fear of Missing Out
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/964Keywords:
Loneliness, Fear of Missing Out, Phubbing, University students, well-beingAbstract
Introduction: The main objective of the present research was to determine the effect of loneliness on Phubbing when Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) mediates this relationship. Method: The design is explanatory of latent variables, and three scales (Loneliness Scale, Fear of Missing Out Scale, and Phubbing Scale) were applied to a sample of 405 university students from two private universities in Metropolitan Lima. Results: It was found that there is an indirect, statistically significant effect of loneliness on Phubbing, through FoMO. Also, the total effect of the model was statistically significant. Furthermore, the independent variable (loneliness) significantly explains FoMO, and the mediating variable (FoMO) predicts Phubbing. Conclusions: Loneliness has an indirect effect on Phubbing through FoMO, implying that loneliness does not directly predict Phubbing, but when a person experiences fear of missing out, the effect of loneliness becomes relevant for the development of Phubbing.
Downloads
References
Adès, J., & Lejoyeux, M. (1994). Addictive behavior in the elderly. Revue Du Praticien, 44(11), 1439–1442.
AERA, APA, & NCME. (2019). Estándares para Pruebas Educativas y Psicológicas. In Estándares para Pruebas Educativas y Psicológicas. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvr43hg2
Akat, M., Arslan, C., & Hamarta, E. (2022). Dark Triad Personality and Phubbing: The Mediator Role of FoMO. Psychological Reports, 126(4), 1803–1821. https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941221109119
Aldas, J., & Uriel, E. (2017). Análisis multivariante aplicado con R (2a ed). Paraninfo.
Arrivillaga, C., Hallauer, C. J., Montag, C., & Elhai, J. D. (2023). Emotion dysregulation factors associated with problematic smartphone use severity: The mediating role of fear of missing out. Addictive Behaviors, 143, 107708. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107708
Ato-García, M., & Vallejo-Seco, G. (2015). Diseños de investigación en psicología. Pirámide
Blanca, M. J., & Bendayan, R. (2018). Spanish version of the phubbing scale: Internet addiction, facebook intrusion, and fear of missing out as correlates. Psicothema, 30(4), 449–454. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2018.153
Brown, G. T. L. (2023). Principles and assumptions of psychometric measurement. Revista Digital de Investigación En Docencia Universitaria, 17(2), e1834. https://doi.org/10.19083/ridu.2023.1834
Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.112.1.155
Correa-Rojas, J., Grimaldo-Muchotrigo, M., & Cambillo-Moyano, E. (2022). Psychometric Properties of the Phubbing Scale: Bifactor Model and Factorial Invariance in Peruvian University Students. Health and Addictions / Salud y Drogas, 22(2), 227–243. https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v22i2.691
Correa-Rojas, J., Grimaldo-Muchotrigo, M., & Del Rosario-Gontaruk, S. (2020). Psychometric properties of the Fear of Missing out Scale (FoMOs) in Peruvian university students. Aloma, 38(2), 113–120. https://doi.org/10.51698/ALOMA.2020.38.2.113-120
Correa-Rojas, J., Grimaldo-Muchotrigo, M., & Espinoza, E. M. (2022). FoMO, Adicción a Facebook y Soledad como Determinantes del Phubbing en Universitarios Limeños. Psykhe, 31(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.2020.22579
Correa-Rojas, J., Rojas-Quispe, M., & Del Rosario-Gontaruk, S. (2023). FoMO, Facebook addiction and loneliness as determinants of online vulnerability among Peruvian university students. Aloma, 41(1), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.51698/aloma.2023.41.1.95-102
de Jong Gierveld, J., & van Tilburg, T. G. (2023). Understanding social isolation and loneliness (H. S. Friedman & C. H. B. T.-E. of M. H. (Third E. Markey (eds.); pp. 554–560). Academic Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91497-0.00143-0
de Jong-Gierveld, J. (1987). Developing and testing a model of loneliness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53(1), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.53.1.119
Dursun, M. T., Argan, M., Tokay Argan, M., & Dinç, H. (2023). Sensation seeking and conspicuous consumption in event-based activities: the mediation role of fear of missing out (FoMO). International Journal of Event and Festival Management, (ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-02-2023-0020
Elhai, J. D., Rozgonjuk, D., Liu, T., & Yang, H. (2020). Fear of missing out predicts repeated measurements of greater negative affect using experience sampling methodology. Journal of Affective Disorders, 262, 298–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.026
Ergün, N., Özkan, Z., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). Social Media Addiction and Poor Mental Health: Examining the Mediating Roles of Internet Addiction and Phubbing. Psychological Reports, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/00332941231166609
Erol, O., & Cirak, N. S. (2019). Exploring the loneliness and internet addiction level of college students based on demographic variables. Contemporary Educational Technology, 10(2), 156–172. https://doi.org/10.30935/cet.554488
Farrell, A. H., Vitoroulis, I., Eriksson, M., & Vaillancourt, T. (2023). Loneliness and Well-Being in Children and Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. Children, 10(2), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10020279
García, M. A., Lerma, M., Pérez, M. G., Medina, K. S., Rodríguez-Crespo, A., & Cooper, T. V. (2023). Psychosocial and personality trait associates of phubbing and being phubbed in hispanic emerging adult college students. Current Psychology, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04767-y
Gonzáles-Rivera, J., Segura-Abreu, L., & Urbistondo-Rodríguez, V. (2018). Phubbing en las Relaciones Románticas: Uso del Celular, Satisfacción en la Pareja, Bienestar Psicológico y Salud Mental. Interacciones: Revista de Avances En Psicología, 4(2), 143–151. https://doi.org/10.24016/2018.v4n2.117
Grimaldo, M. P., Correa, J. D., Jara, D., Cirilo, I. B., & Aguirre, M. T. (2020). Psychometric properties of the olson and barnes quality of life scale in lima students. Health and Addictions / Salud y Drogas, 20(2), 145–156. https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v20i2.545
Huang, T., Liu, Y., Tan, T. C., Wang, D., Zheng, K., & Liu, W. (2023). Mobile phone dependency and sleep quality in college students during COVID-19 outbreak: the mediating role of bedtime procrastination and fear of missing out. BMC public health, 23(1), 1200. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16061-4
IKEA (2018). ¿Estamos hiperconectados? https://shorturl.at/jDIO3
Ivanova, A., Gorbaniuk, O., Blachnio, A., Przepiorka, A., Mraka, N., Polishchuk, V., Gorbaniuk, J. (2023). Mobile Phone Addiction, Phubbing, and Depression Among Men and Women: A Moderated Mediation Analysis. Psychiatric Quaterly, 91(3). 655-668. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-020-09723-8
Jones, W. H., & Carver, M. D. (1991). Adjustment and coping implications of loneliness. In Handbook of social and clinical psychology: The health perspective. (pp. 395–415). Pergamon Press.
KaradaÄŸ, E., TosuntaÅŸ, Åž. B., Erzen, E., Duru, P., Bostan, N., Åžahin, B. M., Çulha, İ., & BabadaÄŸ, B. (2015). Determinants of phubbing, which is the sum of many virtual addictions: A structural equation model. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4(2), 60–74. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.005
Leroy, A., Lai, V., Tsay-Jones, A., Fagundes, C. (2023). Social Personality Psych - 2023 - LeRoy - Fear of missing out and depressive symptoms during the COVIDâ€19 pandemic.pdf. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 17(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12828
Li, C., Wang, M., Li, Y., & Xu, Y. (2023). Daily loneliness and social media use: The role of fear of missing out. PsyCh Journal, 12(3), 467–469. https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.649
Lim, M. (2018). Australian loneliness report: a survey exploring the loneliness levels of Australians and the impact on their health and wellbeing. Australian Psychological Society and Swinburne University. https://psychweek.org.au/2018-archive/loneliness-study/
Loades, M. E., Chatburn, E., Higson-Sweeney, N., Reynolds, S., Shafran, R., Brigden, A., Linney, C., McManus, M. N., Borwick, C., & Crawley, E. (2020). Rapid Systematic Review: The Impact of Social Isolation and Loneliness on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents in the Context of COVID-19. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 59(11), 1218-1239.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.05.009
Llibre-Rodríguez, J., Noriega-Fernández, L., Guerra-Hernández, M. A., Zayas-Llerena, T., Llibre-Guerra, J. C., Alfonso-Chomat, R. C., & Gutiérrez-Herrera, R. (2021). Soledad y su asociación con depresión, ansiedad y trastornos del sueño en personas mayores cubanas durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, 11(3), e1005.
Mao, J., Fu, G., & Huang, J. (2021). The double-edged sword e ects of active social media use on loneliness : The roles of interpersonal satisfaction and fear of missing out.
Matthes, J., Stevic, A., Koban, K., Thomas, M., Forrai, M., & Karsay, K. (2023). Fear of Missing Out, Reflective Smartphone Disengagement, and Loneliness in Late Adolescents. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 26(10), 731-738. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2023.0014
Martela, F. (2020). Self-determination theory. The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, Models and Theories, 369–373. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119547143.ch61
Montero-López, L., & Sánchez-Sosa, J. J. (2001). La soledad como fenómeno psicológico: un análisis conceptual. Salud Mental, 24(1), 19–27. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/582/58212404.pdf
Oberst, U., Wegmann, E., Stodt, B., Brand, M., & Chamarro, A. (2017). Negative consequences from heavy social networking in adolescents: The mediating role of fear of missing out. Journal of Adolescence, 55, 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.12.008
Pedrero-Pérez, E., Haro-León, A., Sevilla-Martínez, J., Diaz, E. (2023). La soledad: asociación con la salud mental en un estudio poblacional. Behavioral Psychology, 31(3). 463-478. https://doi.org/10.51668/bp.8323302s
Plenau, L., & Perlman, D. (1982). Loneliness A sourcebook of current theory, research and terapy.
Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C. R., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Fear of Missing Out Scale: FoMOs. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 1814–1848. https://doi.org/10.1037/t23568-000
Rippé, C. B., Smith, B., & Gala, P. (2023). A psychological examination of attachment insecurity, loneliness, and fear of missing out as drivers of retail patronage among emerging adults. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 47(5), 1838–1852. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12958
Roberts, J. A., & Meredith, D. (2016). My life has become a major distraction from my cell phone: Partner phubbing and relationship satisfaction among romantic partners. Computers in Human Behavior, 54, 134–141. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.058
Rodríguez, J. D. J. L., Llerena, T. Z., Guerra, J. C. L., & Chomat, R. C. A. (2021). Loneliness and its connection with depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder. Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, 37(11), 1–8. http://revistaccuba.sld.cu/index.php/revacc/article/view/1005/1237
Rodríguez-Berrio, A., Beloki Marañón, U., Mosteiro Pascual, A. y Sobremonte de Mendicuti, E. (2022). Soledats juvenils, atenció integrada i estratègies d’abordatge: aní lisi del cas de Gran Bretanya. Revista d’Intervenció Socioeducativa, 80(1). 37-57. https://doi.org/10.34810/educacioSocialn80id392911
Rossel, Y. (2012). lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48(2), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v048.i02
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-Determination Theory: Basic Psychological Needs in Motivation, Development, and Wellness. Guilford Press.
Ryan, R. M., Rigby, C. S., & Przybylski, A. (2006). The Motivational Pull of Video Games: A Self-Determination Theory Approach. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-006-9051-8
Salas-Blas, E., Vieira Ipince, C. M., & Manzanares, E. L. (2022). Adicción a las redes sociales y soledad en estudiantes universitarios limeños. Informació Psicològica, 2(123), 2–14. https://doi.org/10.14635/ipsic.1926
Salvo G, Lilian, & Castro S, Andrea. (2013). Soledad, impulsividad, consumo de alcohol y su relación con suicidalidad en adolescentes. Revista médica de Chile, 141(4), 428-434. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872013000400002
Statista (2024). Frecuencia de utilización de las redes sociales en Perú en 2023. https://shorturl.at/gAJNR
Stover, J., Bruno, F., Uriel, F., & Fernández, M. (2017). Teoría de la Autodeterminación: una revisión teórica. Perspectivas en Psicología: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines. 2(14), 105–1015. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=483555396010
van Beljouw, I. M. J., van Exel, E., de Jong Gierveld, J., Comijs, H. C., Heerings, M., Stek, M. L., & van Marwijk, H. W. J. (2014). “Being all alone makes me sad”: loneliness in older adults with depressive symptoms. International Psychogeriatrics, 26(9), 1541–1551. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610214000581
Varchetta, M., Fraschetti, A., Mari, E., & Giannini, A. M. (2020). Social Media Addiction, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and Online Vulnerability in university students. Revista Digital De Investigación en Docencia Universitaria, 14(1). e1187. https://doi.org/10.19083/ridu.2020.1187
Ventura León, J., & Caycho Rodríguez, T. (2017). Validez y fiabilidad de la escala de soledad de Jong Gierveld en jóvenes y adultos peruanos. PSIENCIA. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencia Psicológica, 9(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.5872/psiencia/9.1.41
Yin, Y., Cai, X., Ouyang, M., Li, S., Li, X., & Wang, P. (2023). FoMO and the brain: Loneliness and problematic social networking site use mediate the association between the topology of the resting-state EEG brain network and fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 141, 107624. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107624
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Health and Addictions Journal/Revista Salud y Drogas

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors publishing in this journal agree to the journal's statement of ethical principles and to the following terms:
The rights of the published material shall belong to their respective authors. Articles published in HAAJ may be used under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license, and may be read, copied, distributed, printed, searched, or linked to in the full text of this journal without prior permission from the publisher or author, provided that HAAJ and the authors are acknowledged and not used for commercial purposes.
Authors may include the work in institutional repositories or other publications as long as this journal is acknowledged and properly cited.
The HAAJ editorial team encourages authors to disseminate their published work through any means (conferences, classes, lectures, talks, etc.) and/or platforms (social networks, repositories, websites, etc.).
HAAJ follows the Core Practices of COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics).