Virtual Reality as a strategy for improving the treatment of smoking / La Realidad Virtual como estrategia para la mejora de los tratamientos del tabaquismo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v9i1.49Keywords:
Tabaquismo, técnicas de exposición, entornos virtuales. / Keywords, Smoking, exposure techniques, virtual environments.Abstract
El tabaquismo es uno de los mayores problemas de salud pública en
la actualidad. Los tratamientos multicomponentes, que incorporan tres fases de intervención (preparación, abandono y mantenimiento), son considerados como el tratamiento de elección para el abordaje esta adicción.
No obstante, las altas tasas de recaídas tras las intervenciones hacen que sea necesario incorporar estrategias más eficaces dentro de este tipo de programas para prevenir la vuelta al consumo. Para muchos autores, el craving es la causa de la mayoría de las recaídas. Las técnicas de exposición a pistas o señales consisten en la exposición controlada y repetida a estímulos o entornos asociados al uso de la sustancia, con el objetivo de reducir las respuestas de craving en estas situaciones. La Realidad Virtual ha mostrado su eficacia en el abordaje de diferentes trastornos como método de exposición. Es este artículo, se propone el uso de técnicas de exposición a través de entornos virtuales para la mejora del tratamiento del tabaquismo.
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Abstract
Smoking is currently one of the biggest problems of public health.
Multicomponent treatments, which incorporate three intervention stages (preparation, quitting, and maintenance), are considered the treatment of choice for this problem. However, the high rates of relapse after the intervention make it necessary to incorporate more effective relapse prevention strategies within this kind of programs. For many authors, craving is the cause of most cases of resuming consumption. Cue Exposure Treatment, CET, consist of controlled and repeated exposure to stimuli associated with substance use, in order to reduce craving associated with these situations. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that exposure through virtual settings seems to be a more efficient strategy to present cues than exposure using other procedures. In this paper, cue exposure treatment through virtual reality enviroments are proposed in
order to improve smoking cessation treatments.
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