Construction of a model of risk in the use of alcohol and other illicit substances among adolescent students / Construcción de un modelo de riesgo en el consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias ilícitas en adolescentes estudiantes de Bachillerato
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v10i1.37Keywords:
Modelo riesgo abuso sustancias adolescentes. Keywords, Risk substance abuse, model, adolescents.Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal identificar algunos factores vinculados con el consumo de drogas y alcohol en una población de estudiantes de educación media superior de la Ciudad de México. Se consideraron en específico variables intervinientes como: Edad del adolescente; sexo; promedio y turno escolar; tipo de familia y sucesos de vida estresantes.
A través de un muestreo aleatorio simple estratificado, se obtuvo a 1997 adolescentes, a todos ellos se les aplicaron los instrumentos: Información sociodemográfica forma para adolescentes; Sucesos de vida forma adolescente; AUDIT y el ASSIST. La identificación de los adolescentes en riesgo se realizó a partir de los puntajes obtenidos en el AUDIT y ASSIST. De la muestra total el 25% (n=502), fueron detectados por consumo en riesgo de alcohol y alguna otra droga. El resto de los casos quedaron clasificados como casos de no riesgo. Se realizó una regresión logística binaria condicional, para identificar los factores que favorecen el consumo de alcohol, tabaco y otras drogas ilícitas en los adolescentes. Los resultados indican que ser varón; el pertenecer a una familia monoparental; la edad y los sucesos negativos en la salud, entre otros, aumentan el riesgo de consumir alcohol u alguna sustancia ilícita.
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Abstract
Several risk factors, which increment the probability of using alcohol and other illegal substances, like family dysfunction have been considered.
The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with alcohol and other substances abuse in a sample of 1997 students from senior high school from Mexico City. The mean age of the adolescents was 16.7 (s.d.1.7). 52.7% were females and 47.3% males, 56% studied in the morning and 43.8% in the afternoon. Some variables were considered like adolescents’ age, grades, time-schedule in which they went to school, type of family and stressful life-events were considered specifically.
The identification of adolescents at risk was done with AUDIT andASSIST. A binary logistic regression was calculated in order to identify those factors that increment alcohol, tobacco and other illegal substances use. Results indicate that a single parent family, being older and stressful life events, among others, increment risk consumption of alcohol and other substances.
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