Waterpipe tobacco consumption in secondary education and high school in students from the province of las palmas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v17i1.296Keywords:
adolescents, pattern of use, prevalence, tobacco, waterpipe smoking.Abstract
Introduction. Waterpipe consumption is a worldwide phenomenon, especially among adolescents and young adults. There is data on its distribution in various European countries but Spain is not among them. Objective. To estimate the prevalence and to obtain the pattern of waterpipe tobacco consumption in secondary education and high school in Spanish students. Method. The study was carried out in 1770 students from the Province of Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain. To estimate the size of the sample, each academic block was stratified by geographic areas, grouping the students in as many clusters as groups there were in each centre and each course. Instrumental data was an ad hoc questionnaire designed for this study. Statistical analysis included a descriptive study (SPSS 17.0 Windows program). The study of the proportions was calculated using Chi-Square (χ2) test. Results. Our results show a waterpipe tobacco consumption in 33.7% of all the students, being this consumption higher in girls from first course of high school who had a weekly income of more than 5 €. The pattern of consumption in our students was monthly (43.3%), every weekend (89.4%), and in a friend’s house (46.9%) and in parks (38.2%). Conclusion. The considerable prevalence of this type of smoker among Canarian adolescents suggests a possible underestimation of the smoking frequency among Spanish adolescents.Downloads
References
Abughosh, S., Wu, I.H., Rajan, S., Peters, R.J. y Essien, E.J. (2012). Waterpipe smoking among students in one US university: predictors of an intention to quit. Journal of American College Health, 60(7), 528-535. doi:10.1080/07448481.2012.718018.
Abuhammour, W., Yousef, N., Evans, J., Zureikat, R., Abuhammour, M. y Hasan, R.A. (2009). Water-pipe tobacco smoking: an emerging health risk behavior in adolescents in the United States. The Open Pediatric Medicine Journal, 3, 33-37. doi: 10.2174.1874309900903010033.
Afifi, R., Yeretzian, J., Rouhana, A., Nehlawi, M. y Mack, A. (2010). Neighbourhood influences on narghile smoking among youth in Beirut. European Journal of Public Health, 20(4), 456-462. doi: 10.1093 / eurpub / ckp173.
Al-Lawati, J.A., Muula, A.S., Hilmi, S.A. y Rudatsikira, E. (2008). Prevalence and determinants of waterpipe tobacco use among adolescents in Oman. Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal, 8(1), 37-43.
Al Mutairi, S.S., Shihab-Eldeen, A.A., Mojiminiyi, O.A. y Anwar, A.A. (2006). Comparative analysis of the effects of hubble-bubble (sheesha) and cigarette smoking on respiratory and metabolic parameters in hubble-bubble and cigarette smokers. Respirology, 11(4), 449-455. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2006.00873.
Amin, T.T., Amr, M.A.M., Zaza, B.O. y Kaliyadan, F. (2012). Predictors of waterpipe smoking among secondary school adolescents in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 19(3), 324-335. doi: 10.1007/s12529-011-9169-2.
Asfar, T., Ward, K.D., Eissenberg, T. y Maziak, W. (2005). Comparison of patterns of use, beliefs, and attitudes related to waterpipe between beginning and established smokers. BMC Public Health, 5(19). doi:10.1186/1471-2458-5-19.
Baker, O.G. y Rice, V. (2008). Predictors of narghile (water pipe) smoking in a sample of American Arab Yemeni adolescents. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 19(1), 24-32. doi: 10.1177/1043659607309141
Braun, R.E., Glassman, T., Wohlwend, J., Whewell, A. y Reindl, D.M. (2012). Hookah use among college students from a Midwest university. Journal of Community Health, 37(2), 294-298. doi: 10.1007/s10900-011-9444-9.
Combrink, A., Irwin, N., Laudin, G., Naidoo, K., Plagerson, S. y Mathee, A. (2010). High prevalence of hookah smoking among secondary school students in a disadvantaged community in Johannesburg. South African Medical Journal, 100(5), 297-299.
Chaouachi, K. (2006). A critique of the WHO TobReg's "Advisory Note" report entitled: "Waterpipe tobacco smoking: health effects, research needs and recommended actions by regulators". Journal of Negative Results in Biomedicine, 5(17). doi: 10.1186/1477-5751-5-17
Dugas, E., Tremblay, M., Low, N.C.P., Cournoyer, D. y O’Loughlin, J. (2010). Water-pipe smoking among North American youths. Pediatrics, 125(6), 1184-1189.
Eissenberg, T., Ward, K.D., Smith-Simone, S. y Maziak, W. (2008). Waterpipe tobacco smoking on a U.S. College Campus: prevalence and correlates. Journal of Adolescents Health, 42(5), 526-529.
ESTUDES (2014). Encuesta sobre uso de drogas en enseñanzas secundarias en España. Recuperado de:http://www.pnsd.msssi.gob.es/profesionales/sistemasInformacion/sistemaInformacion/pdf/2016_ESTUDES_2014-2015.pdf
Fakhfakh, R., Hsairi, M., Maalej, M., Achour, N. y Nacef, T. (2002). Tobacco use in Tunisia: behavior and awareness. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 80(5), 350-356.
Gatrad, R., Gatrad, A. y Sheikh, A. (2007). Hookah smoking. British Medical Journal, 335:20. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39227.409641.AD
Gedefaw, M., Eshete, A., Aychiluhem, M. y Azale, M.T. (2013). Water-pipe tobacco epidemic in tobacco naive communities: experience from Ethiopia. Open Journal of Epidemiology, 3(4), 184-192. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2013.34027
Giuliani, K.K., Mire, O.A., Jama, S., Dubois, D.K., Pryce, D., Fahia, S. y Ehrlich, L.C. (2008). Tobacco use and cessation among Somalis in Minnesota. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 35(6 Suppl), 457-462. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.006.
Gregov, M., Baker, J. y Hayes, L. (2011). Waterpipe smoking: behaviour, knowledge and attitudes among the Arabic speaking community in Victoria, Australia. Recuperado de http://www.quit.org.au/downloads/Waterpipe_Smoking_Survey.pdf
Holm, K., Kremers, S.P. y de Vries, H. (2003). Why do Danish adolescents take up smoking? European Journal of Public Health, 13(1), 67-74.
Holtzman, A.L, Babinski, D. y Merlo, L.J. (2013). Knowledge and attitudes toward hookah usage among university students. Journal of American College Health, 61(6), 362-370. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2013.818000.
Hublet, A., De Bacquer, D., Valimaa, R., Godeau, E., Schmid, H., Rahav, G y Maes, L. (2006). Smoking trends among adolescents from 1990 to 2002 in ten European countries and Canada. BMC Public Health, 6(280). doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-6-280.
Jackson, D. y Aveyard, P. (2008). Waterpipe smoking in students: prevalence, risk factors, symptoms of addiction, and smoke intake. Evidence from one British university. BMC Public Health, 8(174). doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-174.
Jawad, M., Abass, J., Hariri, A., Rajasooriar, K.G., Salmasi, H., Millett, C. y Hamilton, F.L. (2013a). Waterpipe smoking: prevalence and attitudes among medical students in London. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 17(1), 137-140. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0175.
Jawad, M., Jawad, S., Mehdi, A., Sardar, A., Jawad, A.M. y Hamilton, F.L. (2013b). A qualitative analysis among regular waterpipe tobacco smokers in London universities. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 17(10), 1364-1369. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0923.
Jawad, M., Wilson, A., Lee, J.T., Jawad, S., Hamilton, F.L. y Millet, C. (2013c). Prevalence and predictors of waterpipe and cigarette smoking among secondary school students in London. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 15(12), 2069-2075. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntt103.
Jensen, P.D. y Kvernrød, A.B. (2008). Vandpibekulturen blandt danske teenagere. Hvorfor er vandpiben blevet så populær, og hvordan kan vandpiberygning forebygges? [Cultura Hookah entre los adolescentes daneses. ¿Por qué es la pipa de agua tan popular y cómo se puede prevenir el consumo de tabaco en pipa de agua?]. København, Denmark: Projekt Børn, Unge & Rygning. Kræftens Bekæmpelse.
Jha, P. y Chaloupka, F. (2000). Tobacco Control in Developing Countries. Development Network, the World Bank, and the Economics Advisory Service, World Health Organization. New York: Oxford University Press.
Khan, N., Iftikhar, S., Siddiqui, M.U., Padhiar, A.A. y Affanulhaq, S. (2010). Effect of age and gender on the knowledge, attitude and practice of shisha smoking among medical and dental students of Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of Dow University of Health Sciences, 4(3), 107-112.
Kralikova, E., Kmetova, A., Zvolska, K., Blaha, M. y Bortlicek, Z. (2013). Czech adolescent smokers: unhappy to smoke but unable to quit. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 17(6), 842-846. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0753.
Makhoul, J. y Nakkash, R. (2009). Understanding youth: using qualitative methods to verify quantitative community indicators. Health Promotion Practice, 10(1), 128-135.
Martinasek, M.P. (2011). Understanding the psychosocial aspects of waterpipe smoking among college students (Tesis doctoral, University of South Florida). Recuperada de http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4429&context=etd.
Maziak, W., Ward, K.D., Afifi, R.A. y Eissenberg, T. (2004). Tobacco smoking using a waterpipe: A re-emerging strain in a global epidemic. Tobacco Control, 13(4), 327-333. doi:10.1136/tc.2004.008169.
Maziak, W. (2010). The waterpipe. A global epidemic or a passing fad. International Journal of Epidemiology, 39(3), 857-859. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyq054.
Mochizuki-Kobayashi, Y., Fishburn, B., El-Awa, F., Baptiste, J., Nikogosian, H., Peruga, A., … y McKnigh, L.R. (2006). Use of cigarettes and other tobacco products among students aged 13-15 – worldwide, 1999-2005. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 55(20), 553-556.
Moreno C., Ramos, P., Rivera, F., Jiménez-Iglesias, A., García-Moya, I., Sánchez-Queija, I., … Morgan, A. (2016). Informe técnico de los resultados obtenidos por el estudio Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2014 en España. Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad.
Neergaard, J., Singh, P., Job, J. y Montgomery, S. (2007). Waterpipe smoking and nicotine exposure: a review of the current evidence. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 9(10), 987-994. doi:10.1080/14622200701591591.
Primack, B.A., Fertman, C.I., Rice, K.R., Adachi-Mejia, A.M. y Fine, M.J. (2010). Waterpipe and cigarette smoking among college athletes in the United States. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(1), 45-51. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.05.004
Roskin, J. y Aveyard, P. (2009). Canadian and English students’ beliefs about waterpipe smoking: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 9(10). doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-10.
Shadid, H.M. y Hossain, S.Z. (2013). Understanding smoking behaviour among secondary school students in Amman, Jordan: a qualitative study. Journal of Community Medicine and Health Education, 3(2). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2161-0711.1000199.
Shihadeh, A. y Saleh, R. (2005). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, “tar”, and nicotine in the mainstream smoke aerosol of the narghile water pipe. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 43(5), 655-661. doi: 10.1016 / j.fct.2004.12.013
Smith, J.R., Edland, S.D., Novotny, T.E., Hofstetter, C.R., White, M.M., Lindsay, S.P., Al-Delaimy, W.K. (2011a). Increasing hookah use in California. American Journal of Public Health, 101(10), 1876-1879. doi: 10.2105 / AJPH.2011.300196.
Smith, J.R., Novotny, T.E., Edland, S.D., Hofstetter, C.R., Lindsay, S.P. y Al-Delaimy, W.K. (2011b). Determinants of hookah use among high school students. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 13(7), 565-572. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr041
Smith-Simone, S., Maziak, W., Ward, K.D. y Eissenberg, T. (2008). Waterpipe tobacco smoking: Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior in two U.S. samples. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 10(2), 393-398. doi: 10.1080 / 14622200701825023.
Stamm-Balderjahn, S., Groneberg, D.A., Kusma, B. Jagota, A. y Schönfeld, N. (2012). Smoking prevention in school students: positive effects of a hospital-based intervention. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 109(44), 746-752. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2012.0746.
Statens folkhälsoinstitut (2010). Vattenpipa – rök utan risk? Hälsoeffekter, vanor, attityder och tillsyn [Pipas de agua- ¿fumar sin riesgo? Efectos en la salud, hábitos, actitudes y vigilancia]. Recuperado de https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/pagefiles/12520/Vattenpipa-rok-utan-risk-web.pdf.
Sterling, K.L. y Mermelstein, R. (2011). Examining hookah smoking among a cohort of adolescent ever smokers. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 13(12), 1202-1209. doi: 10.1093 / NTR / ntr146.
Taha, A.Z., Sabra, A.A., Al-Mustafa, Z.Z., Al-Awami, H.R., Al-Khalaf, M.A. y Al-Momen, M.M. (2010). Water pipe (shisha) smoking among male students of medical colleges in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Annals of Saudi Medicine, 30(3), 222-226. doi: 10.4103 / 0256-4947.62838
Tamim, H., Terro, A., Kassem, H., Ghazi, A., Khamis, T.A., Heno, M.M. y Musharrafieh, T. (2003). Tobacco use by university students, Lebanon, 2001. Addiction, 98(7), 933-939.
Ward, K.D. Hammal, F. Vander Weg, M.W., Eissenberg, T., Asfar, T., Rastam, S. y Maziak. W. (2005). Are waterpipe users interested in quitting? Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 7(1), 149-156. doi: 10.1080 / 14622200412331328402.
Ward, K.D., Eissenberg, T., Gray, J., Srinivas, V., Wilson, N. y Maziak, W. (2007). Characteristics of American waterpipe users: a preliminary report. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 9(12), 1339-1346. doi: 10.1080 / 14622200701705019.
WHO (2015). World Health Organization. Advisory note: waterpipe tobacco smoking: health effects, research needs, and recommended actions by regulators/WHO Study group on Tobacco Product regulation. Recuperado de http://www.who.int/tobacco/global_interaction/tobreg/Waterpipe%20recommendation_Final.pdf.
Yen, K.P., Harun, N.B., Ishak, F.B., Anuar, N., Karim, N.A., Azman, A., Mahmood, T.S.T. (2012). Contributory factors to the smoking of shisha among teenagers in the Perak City of Ipoh: a preliminary qualitative survey. International Journal of Public Health Research. 2(1), 80-84.
Zoughiab, S., Adib, S. y Jabbour, J. (2004). Prevalence and determinants of water pipe or narghile use among students in Beirut’s southern suburbs. Le Journal Médical Libanais, 52(3), 142-148.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors publishing in this journal agree to the journal's statement of ethical principles and to the following terms:
The rights of the published material shall belong to their respective authors. Articles published in HAAJ may be used under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International license, and may be read, copied, distributed, printed, searched, or linked to in the full text of this journal without prior permission from the publisher or author, provided that HAAJ and the authors are acknowledged and not used for commercial purposes.
Authors may include the work in institutional repositories or other publications as long as this journal is acknowledged and properly cited.
The HAAJ editorial team encourages authors to disseminate their published work through any means (conferences, classes, lectures, talks, etc.) and/or platforms (social networks, repositories, websites, etc.).
HAAJ follows the Core Practices of COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics).
How to Cite
