Parent and peer influence models in the onset of adolescent smoking / Modelos de influencia de padres y amigos en el inicio del consumo de tabaco en adolescentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v13i1.194Keywords:
Adolescentes, familia, grupo de pares, modelos predictivo, tabaco. / Keywords, Adolescent, family, peer, predictive models, tobacco.Abstract
El tabaco es la segunda droga más utilizada por los adolescentes. Objetivo. Analizar la influencia de diferentes agentes de socialización: padres y compañeros, en el uso y en la intención de uso por los adolescentes. Método: Estudio transversal en ámbito escolar. N=5,828 jóvenes (50.2% chicos, 49.8% chicas) estudiantes de Centros de Educación Secundaria (media de edad=14.15). Medidas: Consumo auto-informado de cigarrillos, actitudes hacia el tabaco y uso de tabaco por el grupo de influencia. Resultados: El consumo de tabaco por los compañeros es la variable que más incrementa la probabilidad y la intención de uso. Fumar es más probable entre los sujetos cuyos amigos fuman (odds ratio 7.16, I.C. 95% 5,5-9,3), que entre aquellos cuyos amigos no son fumadores. Conclusiones: La conducta de los compañeros juega un papel predominante en el inicio y mantenimiento del hábito tabáquico. Las chicas son más vulnerables a la influencia social. En consecuencia, la probabilidad de uso o intención de uso es mayor entre las chicas que entre los chicos ante la presencia de amigo/as que fuman.
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Abstract
Tobacco is the second most commonly used drug among adolescents. Aim. The aim is to analyse the influence of different socializing agents: parents and peers, in the use and the intention of use among adolescents. Methods. Cross-sectional study in a school setting in Spain. 5,828 youngsters (50.2% males, 49.8% females) recruited in Secondary Education Centres (mean age 14.15). Main outcome measures: Self-reported tobacco use (ever and current use of cigarettes), attitudes toward tobacco and influence groups tobacco use. Findings. There is a relative importance of parent influence to adolescent smoking onset. Peer tobacco use is the variable that increases the most the probability of use. Smoking is more likely among those subjects whose friends smoke (odds ratio 7.16, 95% confidence interval 5,5 - 9,3), than among those whose friends are non-smokers. Conclusions. Peer behaviour plays a predominant role in the onset and regular use of tobacco. Girls are more vulnerable to social pressure, the use or intention to use increases more sharply among girls in the presence of friends who smoke than among boys.
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