Trauma and drug use in patients admitted to emergency rooms two general hospital Costa Rica / Trauma y consumo de drogas en pacientes admitidos en salas de emergencia de dos hospitales generales de Costa Rica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v2i1.168Abstract
Se conoce que el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas es un factor relacionado con la generación de eventos traumáticos. Este estudio evalúa dicha relación según se registró en las salas de emergencia de dos importantes hospitales generales ubicados en la ciudad de San José, Costa Rica.
La recolección de la información se realizó mediante un cuestionario cuya finalidad fue detectar el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas durante las horas previas al ingreso hospitalario y recabar la opinión del médico tratante. El instrumento se administró a 1311 pacientes que acudieron o fueron llevados a los servicios de urgencia durante un período de dos semanas en el mes de Julio de 1998.
Las lesiones personales y las lesiones ocurridas en el hogar fueron los eventos más frecuentemente diagnosticados y en ambos el consumo de alcohol jugó un papel importante. Las sobredosis y los intentos de suicidio fueron más comunes en mujeres y estuvieron asociados especialmente al consumo de tranquilizantes y sustancias ilícitas. Se encontró una relación significativa entre la opinión del médico y el consumo de alcohol en las 6 horas previas al ingreso. Cerca de un 25% de los ingresos estaban relacionados con el consumo de alcohol, con un aumento sustancial durante los fines de semana.
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Abstract
Alcohol and drug use are influential factors in the cause of trauma events, as well as a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. This study evaluates the relationship between alcohol and drug use and trauma events registered in emergency rooms of two major local hospitals located in downtown San José, Costa Rica. An instrument was designed to register the most common trauma events occurring at emergency rooms related to recent alcohol and drug use, using self-report and physician’s opinion, no BAC (Blood Alcohol Concentration) testing was used. The questionnaire was administered to 1311 patients who visited emergency rooms in a two-week period in July 1998.
The most frequent traumatic events were diagnosed as personal injuries and home-related injuries, in both cases, recent alcohol use played a significant role. Other events such as overdose and suicide attempt were more related to tranquilizers and illicit drug use, especially in young women. A significant relationship was found between the physician’s opinion and alcohol use in the last 6 hours previous to the ER visit. Approximately 25% of all emergency visits were alcohol related, with a substantial increase during weekends.
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