Clinical features in three groups of drug dependent / Características clínicas en tres grupos de dependientes a drogas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v2i2.158Abstract
Objetivo: analizar diversos indicadores clínicos (procesos de cambio, psicopatología e historial adictivo) en tres grupos de dependientes a drogas y, comprobar si el diagnóstico de dependencia a una sustancia concreta implica diferencias en tales indicadores.
Diseño: estudio transversal Emplazamiento: Unidad de Conductas Adictivas de Catarroja. Area 9 de Salud de Valencia. Atención Primaria.
Pacientes: se incluyen 107 pacientes en tratamiento divididos en tres grupos en función del diagnóstico de dependencia según criterios DSMIV: grupo de dependencia a alcohol (n=31), grupo de dependencia a heroína (n=31), grupo de dependencia a cocaína (n=45).
Medición y resultados: se analizan las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la muestra (análisis de frecuencias y medidas de tendencia central), se comparan los tres grupos de pacientes mediante análisis de varianza y prueba de Schfeé para comprobar diferencias intragrupo. No aparecen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los indicadores de procesos de cambio y psicopatología. Sí aparecen diferencias en los indicadores correspondientes al historial adictivo: años de consumo, años de abuso, tratamientos anteriores (p=0.000) e ingresos hospitalarios (p=0.005).
Conclusiones: Es posible que cuando los pacientes con diagnóstico de dependencia a sustancias realizan demanda de tratamiento, se diferencien en el proceso de evolución de su historial de consumo y factores relacionados, pero que sean similares respecto a otras características clínicas como la psicopatología y la motivación al tratamiento. Se señala la importancia de incluir protocolos de evaluación de diversos indicadores cuando los pacientes realizan demanda de tratamiento.
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Abstract
Objective: to analyse various clinical indicators (change processes, psychophatology and addictive history) in three groups of employees to drugs and, to prove if the dependency diagnosis to a concrete substance implies differences in such indicative.
Design: transverse study.
Setting: Addictive Behaviors Unit of Catarroja. Area 9 of Health of Valencia. Primary Care.
Patients: they are included 107 patients in treatment split into three groups in function of the diagnostic of dependence according to criteria DSM-IV: group of dependence to alcohol (n=31), group of dependence to heroine (n=31), group of dependence to cocaine (n=45).
Measurements and results: the sociodemografic and clinic characteristics of the sample analysed (frequencies and measures analysis of central trend), the three groups of patients are compared through variance and test analysis of Schfeé to prove differences introgrup. There aren´t differences estadisticall meaningful in the indicators of change processes and psychophatology. On the other hand, there are differences in the corresponding indicators to the addictive history: consumption years, abuse years, previous treatments (p=0.000) and hospital income (p=0.005).
Conclusions: It´s possible when the patients with diagnostic of dependence to substances demand treatment, they are differentiated in the evolution process of their history of consumption and related factors, but they´ll be similar with respect to other clinic characteristics as the psychophatology and the motivation to the treatment. It´s indicated the importance of including evaluation protocols of various indicative when the patients demand treatment.
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