Effective prevention programs school of drugs with interactive methodology / Eficacia de los programas de prevención escolar de drogas con metodología interactiva
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v3i2.146Keywords:
Contexto escolar, drogas, meta-análisis, prevención. / Keywords, drug abuse prevention, meta-analysis, school environment, substance use.Abstract
Se presentan los resultados de un meta-análisis sobre la eficacia de los programas para prevenir el abuso de drogas con metodología interactiva, aplicados en el contexto escolar en España. Se identificaron 15 estudios independientes que cumplieron los criterios de selección, procedentes de 9 informes de investigación realizados entre 1985 y 2002. El tamaño del efecto medio global reveló que los programas son eficaces, aunque su eficacia es pequeña en el postest (d+ = 0,20), tendiendo a incrementarse en el seguimiento (d+ = 0,38). Los programas resultaron más eficaces con el alcohol que con el tabaco u otras drogas. La variable dependiente en la que obtuvieron más éxito fue en la reducción del consumo, por encima de la mejora del conocimiento y de las actitudes hacia las drogas. El componente presente en la totalidad de programas fue la información sobre las sustancias. Se discuten estos hallazgos y se señalan sugerencias para futuras investigaciones.
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Abstract
The study reports the results of a meta-analysis about the efficacy of interactive programs to prevent drug abuse within the school setting in Spain. 9 research reports from 1985 to 2002, were used to identify 15 independent studies which complied with the selection criteria. The global effect size revealed that school programs to prevent drug abuse are efficient, though its efficacy postest is small (d+= 0,20), tending to increase at the follow-up (d+= 0,38). The programs turned out to be more efficient with alcohol, than with tobacco or other drugs. Also the programs were more successful in reducing drug use and improving knowledge than in changing attitudes towards drugs. The component that apperared in all the programs was providing information about substances. These findings and some suggestions for future research are discussed.
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