Intervenciones basadas en mindfulness para la prevención de recaídas en el consumo de alcohol: una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

  • Mónica Bernaldo-de-Quirós
  • Alejandro Amores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v24i1.792

Palabras clave:

Alcohol, Mindfulness, craving, eficacia, prevención de recaídas

Resumen

Introducción: las tasas de recaída en el consumo de alcohol se mantienen elevadas durante el seguimiento tras el tra-tamiento con intervenciones psicológicas de eficacia demostrada. Las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness (IBM) pueden ser una alternativa pero es necesario demostrar la eficacia y mecanismos de acción de estas intervenciones. Objetivo: la presente revisión sistemática trata de evaluar la eficacia de las IBM en el consumo de alcohol en pobla-ción adulta. Metodología: se realizó una búsqueda de ensayos clínicos publicados entre los años 2016 y 2021 en las bases de datos PubMed, PsycInfo y Web of Science. El informe de esta revisión se realizó siguiendo las recomendacio-nes de la declaración PRISMA. Resultados: Se encuentran resultados favorables en reducción del deseo de consumo y de la cantidad de bebida, así como mejoras en la gestión del afecto negativo y el estrés. Las IBM pueden fomentar una mayor tolerancia al estrés a través del aprendizaje de técnicas de regulación adaptativas. Conclusión: las IBM y componentes de mindfulness parecen ser útiles para la reducción de factores de riesgo de recaída en el consumo de alcohol, como estrategia combinada con otras intervenciones eficaces. No obstante, la heterogeneidad de resultados y diseños metodológicos no permiten extraer conclusiones definitivas.

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2024-02-22

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Bernaldo-de-Quirós, M., & Amores, A. (2024). Intervenciones basadas en mindfulness para la prevención de recaídas en el consumo de alcohol: una revisión sistemática. Health and Addictions/Salud Y Drogas, 24(1), 72–92. https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v24i1.792

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