SALUD MENTAL, CAPITAL PSICOLÓGICO Y ADOPCIÓN DE PRÁCTICAS PREVENTIVAS ANTE LA COVID EN JÓVENES MENORES DE 30 AÑOS

SALUD MENTAL Y MEDIDAS DE CONTENCIÓN

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v22i1.649

Palabras clave:

Salud mental, jóvenes adultos, medidas de contención, covid

Resumen

Introducción: Estudios previos han mostrado efectos negativos de las medidas de contención sobre la salud mental de jóvenes.

Objetivos: Por ello, en este trabajo nos proponemos estudiar factores relacionados con el desarrollo de problemas de salud mental en jóvenes españoles menores de 30 años y predictores de la adopción de prácticas preventivas.

Metodología: Se diseño una encuesta online. La muestra estuvo formada por un total de 327 jóvenes. Los instru­mentos utilizados fueron el General Health Questionnaire y la Escala de Capital Psicológico. Asimismo, se recogieron datos acerca de la adhesión a las siguientes medidas: distancia social, uso de guantes, mascarilla, higiene de manos y confinamiento.

Resultados: Los resultados mostraron un alto malestar. El 99.6% presentó puntuaciones GHQ 3, mientras que el 52.7 % presentaron puntuaciones GHQ 6. Ser varón se asoció con peores niveles de salud mental y un menor cum­plimiento del total de las medidas. Asimismo, un mayor capital psicológico se asoció con una mejor salud mental.

Conclusiones: Los resultados apuntan a la necesidad de cuidar de la salud mental de los jóvenes durante la pande­mia, especialmente de los varones. Es posible que, programas dirigidos a promocionar el capital psicológico, mejo­ren la salud mental durante la pandemia.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Achdut, N., & Refaeli, T. (2020). Unemployment and psychological distress among young people during the COVID-19

pandemic: Psychological resources and risk factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public

Health, 17(19), 7163 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197163

Akkaya-Kalayci, T., Kothgassner, O. D., Wenzel, T., Goreis, A., Chen, A., Ceri, V., & Özlü-Erkilic, Z. (2020). The Impact of

the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Psychological Well-Being of Young People Living in Austria and Turkey:

A Multicenter Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(23), 9111. https://

doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239111

Alonzi, S., La Torre, A., & Silverstein, M. W. (2020). The psychological impact of preexisting mental and physical

health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological trauma: theory, research, practice, and policy, 12,

S236-S238. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000840

Atchison, C., Bowman, L. R., Vrinten, C., Redd, R., Pristerà, P., Eaton, J., & Ward, H. (2021). Early perceptions and

behavioural responses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey of UK adults. BMJ open, 11(1),

e043577 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043577

Avey, J. B., Reichard, R. J., Luthans, F., & Mhatre, K. H. (2011). Meta‐analysis of the impact of positive psychological

capital on employee attitudes, behaviors, and performance. Human resource development quarterly, 22(2), 127-

https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.20070

Chesser, A., Drassen Ham, A., & Keene Woods, N. (2020). Assessment of COVID-19 knowledge among university students:

implications for future risk communication strategies. Health Education & Behavior, 47(4), 540-543. https://

doi.org/10.1177/1090198120931420

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. New York, NY: Routledge Academic.

De La Vega, R., Ruíz-Barquín, R., Boros, S., & Szabo, A. (2020). Could attitudes toward COVID-19 in Spain render men

more vulnerable than women?. Global public health, 15(9), 1278-1291. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1791212

Domínguez-Salas, S., Gómez-Salgado, J., Andrés-Villas, M., Díaz-Milanés, D., Romero-Martín, M., & Ruiz-Frutos,

C. (2020). Psycho-emotional approach to the psychological distress related to the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a

cross-sectional observational study. Healthcare,8 (3),190. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030190

Fernández, R. S., Crivelli, L., Guimet, N. M., Allegri, R. F., & Pedreira, M. E. (2020). Psychological distress associated

with COVID-19 quarantine: Latent profile analysis, outcome prediction and mediation analysis. Journal of affective

disorders, 277, 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.133.

Galasso, V., Pons, V., Profeta, P., Becher, M., Brouard, S., & Foucault, M. (2020). Gender differences in COVID-19 attitudes

and behavior: Panel evidence from eight countries. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(44),

-27291. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012520117

Ganson, K. T., Tsai, A. C., Weiser, S. D., Benabou, S. E., & Nagata, J. M. (2020). Job insecurity and symptoms of anxiety

and depression among US young adults during COVID-19. Journal of Adolescent Health, 68(1), 53-56. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.10.008

Geana, M. V. (2020). Kansans in the middle of the pandemic: risk perception, knowledge, compliance with preventive

measures, and primary sources of information about COVID-19. Kansas journal of medicine, 13, 160.

Goldberg D. (1992). General health questionnaire (GHQ-12). Windsor: NFER-Nelson.

Hawke, L. D., Barbic, S. P., Voineskos, A., Szatmari, P., Cleverley, K., Hayes, E., ... & Henderson, J. L. (2020). Impacts of

COVID-19 on Youth Mental Health, Substance Use, and Well-being: A Rapid Survey of Clinical and Community Samples,

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 65(10), 701-709. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743720940562

Jia, R., Ayling, K., Chalder, T., Massey, A., Broadbent, E., Morling, J. R., ... & Vedhara, K. (2020). Young people, mental

health and COVID-19 infection: the canaries we put in the coal mine. Public health, 189, 158-161. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.10.018

Kohlmann, S., Gierk,B., Hilbert, A., Brähler E., & Löwe, B. (2016). La superposición de los síndromes somáticos, ansiosos

y depresivos: un análisis poblacional. Revista de investigación psicosomática, 90, 51-56.

Kwok, K. O., Li, K. K., Chan, H. H., Yi, Y. Y., Tang, A., Wei, W. I., & Wong, Y. S. (2020). Community responses during the

early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in Hong Kong: risk perception, information exposure and preventive measures.

Emerging infectious diseases, 26, 1575–1579. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2607.200500

Li, J.B., Yang, A., Dou, K. & Cheung, R.Y. (2020). Self-Control Moderates the Association Between Perceived Severity

of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Mental Health Problems Among the Chinese Public, International Journal

of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4820. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134820

Liu, C. H., Zhang, E., Wong, G. T. F., & Hyun, S. (2020). Factors associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptomatology

during the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical implications for US young adult mental health. Psychiatry research,

, 113172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113172

Luthans, F., Norman, S. M., Avolio, B. J., & Avey, J. B. (2008). The mediating role of psychological capital in the supportive

organizational climate—employee performance relationship. The International Journal of Industrial, Occupational

and Organizational Psychology and Behavior, 29(2), 219-238 https://doi.org/10.1002/job.507

Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological capital: Developing the human competitive edge. New

York: Oxford.

Marinthe, G., Brown, G., Delouvée, S., & Jolley, D. (2020). Looking out for myself: Exploring the relationship between

conspiracy mentality, perceived personal risk, and COVID‐19 prevention measures. British Journal of Health Psychology,

(4), 957-980. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12449

Nivette, A., Ribeaud, D., Murray, A., Steinhoff, A., Bechtiger, L., Hepp, U., ... & Eisner, M. (2020). Non-compliance with

COVID-19-related public health measures among young adults in Switzerland: Insights from a longitudinal cohort

study. Social Science & Medicine, 268, 113370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113370

Omar, A., Salessi, S., & Urteaga, F. (2014). Diseño y validación de la escala CapPsi para medir capital psicológico.

Liberabit, 20(2), 315-323.

Organización Mundial de la Salud (2017). Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates

(No. WHO/MSD/MER/2017.2).

Qeadan, F., Akofua Mensah, N., Tingey, B., Bern, R., Rees, T., Talboys, S., ... & Shoaf, K. (2020). What protective health

measures are Americans taking in response to COVID-19? Results from the COVID Impact Survey. International Journal

of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 6295. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176295

Selvaraj, P. R. (2015). Using positive psychological capital to predict mental health in college students: Implications

for counseling and higher education (Doctoral dissertation, Ohio University)

Solomou, I., & Constantinidou, F. (2020). Prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression symptoms during

the COVID-19 pandemic and compliance with precautionary measures: Age and sex matter. International journal of

environmental research and public health, 17(14), 4924. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17144924

Tomczyk, S., Rahn, M., & Schmidt, S. (2020). Social distancing and stigma: Association between compliance with

behavioral recommendations, risk perception, and stigmatizing attitudes during the COVID-19 outbreak. Frontiers

in psychology, 11, 1821. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01821

Varma, P., Junge, M., Meaklim, H., & Jackson, M. L. (2020). Younger people are more vulnerable to stress, anxiety

and depression during COVID-19 pandemic: A global cross-sectional survey. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology

and Biological Psychiatry, 110236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110236

Vinkers, C. H., van Amelsvoort, T., Bisson, J. I., Branchi, I., Cryan, J. F., Domschke, K., ... & van der Wee, N. J. (2020).

Stress resilience during the coronavirus pandemic. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, 12-16. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.05.003

Von Soest, T., Bakken, A., Pedersen, W., & Sletten, M. A. (2020). Life satisfaction among adolescents before and during

the COVID-19 pandemic. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening, 140, 10. https://doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.20.0437

Wang, Y., Di, Y., Ye, J., & Wei, W. (2021). Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the

outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology, health & medicine, 26(1),

-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817

Zhang, C., Ye, M., Fu, Y., Yang, M., Luo, F., Yuan, J., & Tao, Q. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19

pandemic on teenagers in China. Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(6), 747-755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

jadohealth.2020.08.026

Zhang, W. R., Wang, K., Yin, L., Zhao, W. F., Xue, Q., Peng, M., ... & Wang, H. X. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial

problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics,

(4), 242-250. https://doi.org/10.1159/000507639

Zhao, S. Z., Wong, J. Y. H., Wu, Y., Choi, E. P. H., Wang, M. P., & Lam, T. H. (2020). Social distancing compliance under

Covid-19 pandemic and mental health impacts: A population-based study. International journal of environmental

research and public health, 17(18), 6692. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186692

Descargas

Publicado

2022-02-28

Cómo citar

Rodríguez, M., & Rodríguez, A. (2022). SALUD MENTAL, CAPITAL PSICOLÓGICO Y ADOPCIÓN DE PRÁCTICAS PREVENTIVAS ANTE LA COVID EN JÓVENES MENORES DE 30 AÑOS: SALUD MENTAL Y MEDIDAS DE CONTENCIÓN. Health and Addictions/Salud Y Drogas, 22(1), 199–213. https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v22i1.649

Número

Sección

Artículos