Efecto de una dosis aguda de alcohol sobre control inhibitorio, sensibilidad a las recompensas y toma de riesgos en estudiantes universitarios con elevada y baja impulsividad rasgo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v20i1.461Palabras clave:
impulsividad rasgo, impulsividad conductual, toma de riesgos, administración aguda de alcohol, diseño experimentalResumen
La impulsividad y la toma de riesgos se asocian positivamente al consumo de alcohol. Asimismo, la impulsividad y la toma de riesgos aumentan luego de la ingesta aguda de alcohol. Objetivo. Examinar el efecto de una dosis de alcohol (0.6/0.7 g/kg mujeres y varones) sobre el desempeño en pruebas de control inhibitorio, sensibilidad a las recompensas y toma de riesgos en estudiantes con alta (IMP+) y baja (IMP-) impulsividad rasgo. Método. Los participantes (n=85, 43 mujeres, entre 21-27 años) completaron las pruebas BART, GoStop y SKIP antes y después de la ingesta de una bebida con alcohol o una bebida placebo. Resultados. Los resultados muestran un aumento, inducido por el alcohol, en la toma de riesgos en mujeres y mayores fallas en el control inhibitorio tras la ingesta de alcohol, especialmente en hombres. La hipótesis sobre una mayor impulsividad conductual entre quienes exhibían mayor impulsividad rasgo fue parcialmente corroborada. Conclusiones. El principal hallazgo de este trabajo radica en el incremento, inducido por el alcohol, de la impulsividad y toma de riesgos, y el efecto modulador del sexo sobre este efecto.Descargas
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