Characteristics of effective programs for school-based prevention of drug use / Características de los programas eficaces para la prevención escolar del consumo de drogas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v9i2.44Keywords:
Prevención, programas escolares, drogas de abuso, revisión, evaluación, eficacia. / Keywords, Prevention, school-based programs, drug abuse, review, evaluation, effectiveness.Abstract
En las últimas dos décadas, muchos profesionales han manifestado la necesidad de hacer de la prevención una disciplina científica, en la que se trabaje en base a la evidencia objetiva, sin dejar lugar a prácticas intuitivas y/o basadas simplemente en la buena voluntad. Como resultado, hoy disponemos de una sólida base empírica acerca de las estrategias escolares que obtienen resultados en el consumo y las que no, e incluso las que resultan contrapreventivas. Sin embargo, al revisar las investigaciones desarrolladas en esta área, se constata una amplia variabilidad en los tamaños de los efectos de las intervenciones, lo que nos indica la necesidad de comprobar qué características de los programas preventivos son
las responsables de esta variabilidad. El objetivo del estudio es describir las características de las intervenciones más efectivas, desarrolladas en el ámbito escolar. Para ello se sintetizan los resultados de cuatro revisiones de revisiones que han compendiado de forma sistematizada la evidencia arrojada por diversos estudios de revisiones y meta-análisis.
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Absctract
In the last two decades, many professionals have manifested the necessity to make of the prevention a scientific discipline, in which one works on the basis of the objective evidence, without leaving place to practical intuitive and/or simply based on the good will. Like result, today we have a solid empirical base about the school strategies that obtain results in the consumption and those that not, and even those that are against preventive. Nevertheless, when reviewing the investigations developed in this area, a wide variability in the sizes of the effects of the interventions is verified, wich indicates the necessity to us to verify what characteristic of the preventive programs are those responsible for this variability. The aim of the study is to describe the associated characteristics of the most effective interventions, developed in the school environment. For it, the results of four revisions of revisions that have summarized in a systematized way the evidence available by diverse studies of revisions and meta-analyses are synthesized it.
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