Gender differences in addiction and therapeutic implications / Diferencias de género en la adicción e implicaciones terapéuticas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/haaj.v5i2.113Keywords:
Adolescencia, alcohol, estudio ex post facto, diferencias de género, tabaco. / Keywords, Adolescence, ex post facto study, gender differences, tobacco.Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las diferencias de género en el consumo de sustancias legales, como son el alcohol y el tabaco, en la adolescencia.
La muestra, recogida en cinco centros de educación secundaria, estuvo compuesta por 352 adolescentes de ambos sexos. Los resultados mostraron que el patrón de consumo de este tipo de sustancias ha cambiado ya que, mientras hace décadas prácticamente sólo los hombres eran consumidores, actualmente no parecen encontrarse diferencias estadísticamente significativas en este tipo de comportamientos en función del género. Este fenómeno está en consonancia con la denominada fase 3 que apuntan López, Collishaw y Piha (1994) para explicar teóricamente la dinámica del tabaquismo en países desarrollados. Se recomienda seguir en esta línea de investigación de cara a la puesta en marcha de programas de intervención más eficaces.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze gender differences in the use of legal substances as alcohol and tobacco in adolescence. The sample, collected in five centers of secondary education, was composed by 352 adolescents of both sexes. The results showed that the profile of using this type of substances has changed.
Decades ago it seemed that only men consumed these substances. At the moment not significant statistical differences have been found between both sexes in this type of behaviours. This fact is in harmony with the phase 3 enunciated by Lopez, Collishaw and Piha (1994), who explain theoretically the dynamic of the addiction to tobacco in the developmental countries. It is recommended to continue in this line of research with the purpose of developing more effective programs of intervention.
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